There are many hazardous consequences due to the presence of greenhouse gases in the earth’s atmosphere. Some of these are ozone layer depletion, climate change, global warming and a rise in sea levels. This has resulted in many global initiatives taking shape, in order to urge nations to cut down on their carbon emission levels. Thanks to this, many industry-oriented economies are facing a dilemma, since curbing pollution levels would result in a reduction of industrial activities. This, in turn, would result in a reduction of income and output for the economy in question, thereby hampering economic growth, not exactly a popular stance to take when seeking to get reelected (see
Clean Energy ETFs In Focus). In order to mitigate some of these concerns while still attempting to control emissions, investors have witnessed the birth of the emission trading (ET) industry. With the increasing participation of nations in the guidelines of Kyoto Protocol (KP) and rising social accountability, the emission trading industry has the potential to emerge as a major global industry, despite non-ratification of the Kyoto Protocol by the U.S.